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Archpriest Dimitry Leskin

Holy prince Alexander Nevsky: the image of history and the image of the spirit

The article considers the image of one of the most revered heroes of ancient Russian history – the image of the Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky. Special attention is paid to the Prince's relations with the Russian Orthodox Church, his fateful role in the defense, formation and development of the state, and his feat of service to the Fatherland. The issues of interaction between the Prince and the Golden Horde and Western countries, which made it possible to preserve the national identity of the Russian people, are discussed. 

Key words: Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky, historical image of Alexander Nevsky, history of Ancient Russia, history of the XIII century, the Story of the life and bravery of the blessed and Grand Duke Alexander.

Tagirov R.G.

Components of the factor of the spread of fiqh of Muslim minorities in the community of Russian Muslims

One of the tendencies in the religious life of Russian Muslims is investigated - a departure from following madhhabs (Islamic Schools of Law). The influence of fiqh of Muslim minorities as an alternative approach to solving emerging problems is considered as one of the factors contributing to this. The main components of this factor: the commonality of the problems of European and Russian Muslims; considering customs, traditions and cultural characteristics; the proposal of an easier solution to some problem of religious life in comparison with the point of view prevailing in the madhhab. The points of view of madhhabs, the positions of some spiritual administrations of Muslims, the International Islamic Fiqh Academy and the European Council for Fatwa and Research are compared. The study of this phenomenon will allow in the future to predict the prospects for the influence of other methodological approaches in the formation of the Russian Muslim identity. Such studies make it possible to track global trends in the development of fiqh as a whole using the example of the Russian Muslim community.

Key words: Islam, madhhab, fiqh of Muslim minorities, Muslim community, religious identity, European Council for Fatwa and Research, International Islamic Fiqh Academy.

Galaganova S.G.

Green religion for multicoloured world

Ecological ideology is argued to transform into a kind of quasi-religious phenomenon with corresponding typological features. The latter analysis is based on Paul Tillich's theory of quasi-religions.

Key words: green religion, quasi-religion, ecological ideology, global climate change, carbon gas emissions, carbon trace.

Popov S.I.

Devyatkin G.T.

Theological Background in the Genesis of Science

The work is devoted to the study of connection between the genesis of science and Christianity. The normative model of science is associated with 17th century science. (“science of the modern type,” “science of quick discoveries”). The articleobservesthetheological prerequisites of the scientific revolution of the 17th century, emphasis in Protestantism of the primacy of the Will of God in relation to His mind, focusing on the empirical knowledge of nature to the detriment of speculation, rejection of the mysticnaturalistic worldview with its presumption of omnipotence and miraculous nature in favor of omnipotence of God and the "laws" of nature, oriented toward restricting the concept of "natural" to mechanical causality, rejection of mystic-magic psychedelics in favor of rationality,and organizing and directing the role of the Christian religion in the intellectual space, which provided an independent field of attention to scientific methodology. The general path to the “logos” and scientific knowledge is seen in the mathematization of thinking.

Key words: science, Christianity, theology, Reformation, nature, pantheism, empiricism, magism, miracle, four primary elements.

Lapin D.L.

Russian Orthodox Church during the Civil war

The article examines the situation of the Russian Orthodox Church (hereinafter referred to as the ROC) in the context of civil conflict in Russia. The facts of violence against the clergy and arbitrary reprisals against them are revealed. The author analyzes the Soviet secular regulatory framework and reveals the reaction of the clergy to its content and first results. Conclusions are drawn about the results of the Soviet state’s anti-religious policy for the Orthodox Church - t is noted that its economic Foundation is being undermined through the transfer of Church property to the «national heritage», arrest of Bank accounts by the authorities, restrictions on the Practical activities of the Church, etc. The author examines the attitude of Patriarch Tikhon (Belavin) both to the Soviet government and to the White movement. An attempt is made to analyze the reasons and circumstances that led to the change in the position of Patriarch Tikhon from anathematizing «enemies of the Church of Christ» to declaring loyalty to the authorities: «From now on, I am not an enemy of the Soviet government.» These issues were studied in close connection with historical events. Attention is paid to the version of the Patriarch’s blessing of A.V. Kolchak, in its analysis, the evidence of the Peter and Paul Bishop Nestor (Anisimov) and V.V. Knyazev, the personal adjutant of the Supreme ruler, is considered. Such sources are important in the context of the Patriarch’s interrogation in December 1923., where he stated that in 1919 he did not give A.V. Kolchak and A.I. Denikin the blessing to fight the Soviet government and provided them with «moral support». For an objective disclosure of the topic, the issue of the relationship between the white governments and the temporary higher Church administrations (hereinafter referred to as VVTSU) in Siberia and Southern Russia, whose leaders ideologically supported anti – Soviet activities, is also touched upon.

Key words: State-Church relations, the Church in the Civil war, Patriarch Tikhon.

Kalinich V.S.

The phenomenon of a «social vacuum» in a pandemic

This article analyzes scientific approaches to defining the concept of «social vacuum» and substantiates its author's interpretations. The phenomenon of a social vacuum around an individual or a social group can arise and takes place for exactly as long as there already exist social ties and contacts between people, that is, as long as society itself exists. The study of this state of the social environment acquires particular urgency now. The modern urban lifestyle often leads to a limited number of social contacts, and often - to the actual loneliness of the individual. This is due to the modern stage of the existence of society, the constant emergence of new and the development of a large number of means of mediated communication, as well as progressive individualization. All these manifestations of modern lifestyles have significantly increased the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection, which began at the end of 2019 in China in the city of Wuhan. In 2020, the epidemic of the SARS-CoV-2 virus quickly expanded worldwide. The social and economic consequences of this event are due to the phenomenon of a «social vacuum».

Key words: social vacuum, pandemic, coronavirus, loneliness, social contacts, isolation, social distancing, COVID-19.

Isaeva K.V.

The main criteria for digital civilization

The article analyzes the main challenges of today, dictating new models of human behavior and methods of social management. Article makes an attempt to determine what modern sociology understands by the digital-digital stage of human development and what are its main criteria. Based on a number of sociological theories and concepts, as well as the results of modern socio-economic research, the author describes the main criteria of an electronic-digital civilization, the knowledge of which makes it possible to simplify the task of finding effective methods of managing society that meet the challenges of our time.

Key words: modernity, social management, digitalization, electronic digital civilization, contemporary problems.

Meshchaninova E.Y.

The city as a disciplinary system

In this article, the city is considered as a disciplinary system that reproduces the modes of order and normative practices designed to streamline and regulate the life of citizens. The author lists and reveals the theoretical approaches of philosophers, culturologists and sociologists, in which the understanding of the city is presented in the framework of the modus of power and power relations. The «city-power» relationship is implemented through building and maintaining systems of spatial configurations and symbols. A city is a complex hybrid space that includes physical, social, informational, and symbolic components. The city produces disciplinary regimes that regulate behavior and determine the perception and thinking of citizens. 

Key words: city, space, disciplinary regimes, power, social order.

Abramov A.A.

Philosophical problems of high technologies: view from Rome

In the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, the Vatican, like many other participants in the global social and political process, faced the fact that the latest complex technologies began to increasingly influence everyday life. This made it necessary to return to the analysis of the basic philosophical concepts that determined the vision of the Roman Catholic Church on the problems of the relationship between man and science, man and technology. As the largest and most sensitive to changes state-religious structure in the world, the Vatican has largely updated its ethical attitudes in relation to modern conditions. This is reflected in the official documents of the Holy See, which sets out a vision of the problems of artificial intelligence algorithms, robotics and other high technologies having moral dimension. The theoretical philosophical constructions of Catholic thinkers find support in practical research work in the field of AI ethics, which is being actively provided by the Vatican.

Key words: Vatican, artificial intelligence, AI, Catholic Church, roboethics, algorithms, common good, moral responsibility, Magisterium.

Zhang Wei

Wu Tienan

Ways to develop mass sports events in the framework of Russian-Chinese relations (on the example of Heilongjiang province)

The development of society, the progress of science and technology have significantly expanded opportunities in the field of cultural exchanges. Sino-Russian relations have always been friendly, especially from the point of contact of such aspects as socialist thinking and construction concepts, which has contributed to the establishment of more friendly contacts and the intensification of cultural exchange between China and Russia. In order to realize the further development and cultivation of sports and mass events in Heilongjiang Province, it is necessary to focus on the combination of the identity of the cultures of the two countries, making full use of their advantages by establishing an appropriate loyal political strategy. This study presents the advantages and disadvantages of planning and organizing sports events in Heilongjiang Province in the framework of establishing, maintaining and achieving sustainable development of Sino-Russian relations, as well as identifying strategic directions for their development.

Key words: China-Russia relations, Heilongjiang province, mass sports events, cultural exchange, development strategy.

Zhou Yanyan

History and current state of the TRP complex in Russia

The All-Russian Physical Culture and Sports Complex "Ready for Labor and Defense" is a sports system created by the Soviet Union in the 1930s to improve the level of physical fitness and defend the Motherland. This sports system made a huge contribution to the socialist construction of the Soviet Union, including strengthening national defense, improving the health of the population, and helping to discover sports geniuses. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the system was canceled in 1991. 23 years later, V.V. Putin on March 24, 2014 issued a presidential decree on the official renewal of this system. This article begins with the complex "Ready for Labor and Defense" of the USSR and explains the origin, meaning, content and development of this system in the USSR. The second part of the article introduces the current complex "Ready for Labor and Defense" of Russia, including its principles, goals and objectives, structure and content. The third part of the article analyzes the effectiveness and problems that arise during the implementation and implementation of the TRP complex. The "Ready for Labor and Defense" complex is one of the important measures for the development of mass sports in the Soviet period and in Russia at the present time. It is of great practical and strategic importance for improving the physical fitness of Russians, maintaining the status of a sports power of Russia in the world and strengthening the education of patriotism among Russians.

Key words: complex "Ready for Labor and Defense", mass sports, physical training of Russians, patriotism.

Isaeva K.V.

Theoretical Foundations of Researching the Problem of Electronic-Digital Society Management

The article analyzes the main scientific theories devoted to the study of the management process in modern realities. Note that in this article the concept of "management" is studied from a sociological point of view, therefore it is considered and analyzed as a fundamental social process. This process is directly dependent on the factors of the formation of the social environment and the time boundaries of history. Modern management is subordinated to the influence of the electronic-digital stage in the development of mankind and takes on new, qualitatively different features.

Key words: sociology of management, transformation, management, digitalization, digital economy, electronic digital society.

Shatilov S.F.

Ontological features of intentional being of human subjectivity

The article is devoted to the ontological analysis of intentionality as one of the modes of being of human subjectivity. Using works of modern philosophical thought as sources, the author reveals the ontological foundations and features of this phenomenon. Thus, the phenomenological approach to the problem of intentionality of E. Husserl is considered, in which the priority of consciousness as a subject of philosophy is highlighted. Further, it is said about the opposite opinion of M. Heidegger, who, speaking of intentionality, assigns a priority role in philosophizing to being. Attention is also paid to the concept of intellectual effort by A. Bergson. At the end of the article, a conclusion is made about intentionality as a connecting material of subjectivity.

Key words: human subjectivity, consciousness, "out-of-self-directed-being", intentionality, intention, intellectual effort.

Konkol M.M.

Vertical context in literary and art texts to form background knowledge and sociocultural competence among students

The article explores significance of literary texts used as methodical text-books full of complicated to translate realia. Vertical context plays a core role when dealing with literary text in the process of learning a foreign language. The necessity to learn a foreign language in tight connection with the world of native speakers.

Key words: vertical context, literary text, art text, foreign language, realia.    

Authors

Abramov A.A., Senior Lecturer, Sretenskaya Theological Seminary. 

Archpriest Dimitry Leskin, Doctor of Philosophy, Candidate of theology, Rector St. Alexius Orthodox Institute of Volga region, Togliatti.

Devyatkin G.T., PhD in History, Kemerovo Institute (Branch) of G.V. Plekhanov Russian Economic University.

Galaganova S.G., Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Department of Information Analysis and Political Technologies, Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor.

Isaeva K.V., Graduate Student, Department of Sociology of Management, High School of Modern Social Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University.

Kalinich V.S., Senior Lecturer, Contemporary Sociology Department. Sociology Faculty of the Lomonosov Moscow State University.

Konkol M.M., Senior Lecturer, Language Department #3. Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation.

Lapin D.L., The Theological seminary of Kostroma.

Meshchaninova E.Y., Graduate student of the Department of sociology of communication systems, tutor of the faculty of Sociology. Lomonosov Moscow State University.

Popov S.I., PhD in Philosophy, Kemerovo State medical University.

Shatilov S.F., Candidate of philosophy, "Military educational scientific center air force "air force Academy named after Professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin.

Tagirov R.G., Graduate student, Department of religious studies, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University.

Wu Tienan, lecturer, Heihe University, Heihe City.

Zhang Wei, lecturer, Heihe University, Heihe City.

Zhou Yanyan, Peking University of Foreign Languages, PRC.