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Semenenko D.S.

Methods and principles of orthodox mission among Muslims of Southeast Asia: a theological analysis

The article considers the basic principles and methods of the Orthodox mission in the conditions of the predominance of Muslim confessions in the region of Southeast Asia. Difficulties of perception of theological aspects and logical traps in Islam are revealed. Within the framework of a brief theological analysis of the issues of interpretation of the Orthodox faith and Islam, the author's version of the translation of the fundamental Christian arguments is proposed.

Key words: Orthodox mission, Southeast Asia, Orthodoxy, theological aspects, Islam, the preaching of Christ.

Tagirov R.G.

Pogasiy A.K.

Modern problems of Fiqh: peculiarities of Fatwa Issuing in the conditions of the Russian region

The article is devoted to the problem related to resolving social and legal issues arising in Muslim diasporas living in non-Islamic countries.

The study reveals the reasons for the emergence of such problems and shows the possibilities of solving them by turning to the idea of collective ijtihad starting from the 19th century.

The authors note the merits of fiqh experts’ associations existing in the world at the level of individual regions which, considering the peculiarities of Muslims’ life in non-Muslim countries, are forced to reconsider some existing Sharia norms in specific situations or to develop new ones, to deviate from strict adherence to madhhabs and apply to the entire complex of Islamic theology and law.

At present, in the event of incidental situations and other life problems Russian Muslims turn for their resolution to the Councils of Ulema under some spiritual administrations of Muslims or to foreign Islamic scholars. However, the modern realities of international relations, the specificity of state-confessional relations in our country, as well as the need to consider the realities of our society often require the development of a completely new approach to the application of the classical fiqh norms.

In this regard, in our opinion, there is a need to create our own center, which will issue fatwas for the entire Muslim community of the Russian Federation.

Key words: ijtihad, fatwa, methodology of fatwa Issuing, sharia ruling, madhhab.

Ulturgasheva N.D.

Chebodaeva M.P.

The origins and development of the traditional habitation of the khakas – a felt yurt based on the materials of scientists and travelers (XVII-XX bc)

The article is devoted to the origins and development of the traditional habitation of the Khakas-felt yurt The origins of the felt yurt belong to the Tagar archaeological culture (VII-III centuries BC). This is evidenced by the rock art monument Bolshaya Boyarskaya Pisanitsa, studied by archaeologists M.P. Gryaznov, M. Devlet. S.V. Kiselev and S. I. Weinstein. The article deals with pre-revolutionary and Soviet publications about the existence of felt yurts among the Minusinsk and Achinsk foreigners, as the Khakas were called in pre-Soviet times. The research is based on archaeological, ethnographic and folklore materials. In Khakass heroic tales, fairy tales and tales, felt white yurts are called «ah paizan ib and «ah orge ib» and they were associated with a palace or castle where khans and hero heroes usually lived. The article presents the Khakass terminology of the details of the construction of the felt yurt «kiis ib». For many years in Soviet science, the Khakas culture was considered from the position that the Khakas had an agricultural culture, and therefore the traditional Khakas culture, as a nomadic one, was not even considered. The research of scientists and travelers in the XVIII-XX centuries in relation to the felt lattice yurt is evidence that the Khakas had a nomadic culture similar to the culture of the nomadic Turkic peoples-Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Altaians, etc. 

Key words: traditional dwelling, felt, felt yurt, nomadic culture.

Petrova S.I.

Art culture as a form of practical and spiritual development of the individual

The article is devoted to the consideration of artistic culture, which is one of the historically developed forms of cultural functioning. Art culture is aimed at learning about a person's inner world. This knowledge has a special cultural significance and purpose, it helps the formation of personality, the development of human individuality to a greater extent than any other" mechanism " of culture. The article says that only artistic culture can embody the unity of nature and culture, material and spiritual, objective and subjective. By engaging in artistic activity, a person learns the language of the "second reality", during which he selects actions and interprets them in the light of his aesthetic ideal. It allows people to explore the surrounding space and develop their spiritual world, significantly enriches their social experience and is a synthesized human skill that combines the ability to learn, create, communicate and navigate values. Thus, the artistic development of the world turns out to be an integrative activity in which all other activities intersect.

Key words: culture, artistic culture, values, activity, person, material, spiritual.

He Zhiyun

Traditional costume set of the peoples of northeastern China: features and its merger and influence on the national costumes of other peoples

To use innovative methods to promote the heritage and development of traditional clothing styles in Northeast China, make it more characteristic of the times, and revitalize these historically significant textile enterprises, so as to further serve the consumption needs of the people. For this reason, combined with the special regional and folk cultural characteristics as well as the current situation of clothing development in Northeast China, this paper makes a targeted and in-depth study of the cultural legacy of clothing modeling and the characteristics of the development of the times, so as to advance the heritage and evolution of clothing culture.

Key words: North-eastern region, costume, evolution.

Cui Jiawen

Panishchev A.L.

Dynamics of mental processes in the historical development of society

This article is devoted to the processes occurring in the mental world of society. It is noted that the factors influencing these processes are rooted in industrial relations, in the peculiarities of the social structure and the speed of social change. Great importance in the dynamics of the development of mental processes is assigned to the worldview universals, which accumulate historical social experience and in the system of which a person of a certain culture evaluates, comprehends and experiences the world, brings together all the phenomena of reality that fall within the scope of his experience. It is also emphasized that the speed of social processes largely depends on the quality and quantitative content of the categorical apparatus, which is mastered by society at a certain stage of its development, and special importance is given to abstract categories. Abstract thinking, being stimulated in the religious worldview, became a prerequisite for the formation of modern sciences and the transition to a new stage of the historical development of society. At the same time, the acceleration of social processes, a phenomenon known in the humanities as the “arrow of time”, determined a new social reality in which the problem of choice is actualized before a person, and in a short time frame. The very lack of time is already a stress factor, so it is easy for a person to make a mistake in such conditions. If it were only about private choices and individual preferences, the problem would not be so acute. However, in a post-industrial society, the main social unit of functional relations is a single person, and in the conditions of democratic development of states, the system of social and legal interactions is proclaimed, where everyone has the right to vote and the ability to influence state life as a whole. Mistakes in the choice of social and political trends can become factors of legal and social instability. Therefore, it is necessary to develop scientific forecasting of social processes and to develop the work of social services. Their task would be to mitigate social contradictions. At the same time, the state authorities need to monitor social trends, identifying those that potentially pose a threat to the spiritual well-being of people and public order.

Key words: mental world, society, social processes, thinking.

Sun Shanshan

Manchzhur folk culture along the Amur river

In the article, the subject of research is the Manchu folk culture in its various manifestations. Currently, Manchuria and Manchu folk culture are most often associated with the three Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning. The subject of scientific research is the folk culture of the population along the Amur River, which represent the original ethnic traditions and art. The analysis revealed that the Manchus have relatively many traditional festivals such as the Spring Festival culture, the moon worship culture, the fire god culture, the bonfire festival, and the spring sacrifice culture. It has been established that the development of the culinary culture of the Manchus is influenced by ethnic customs and habits that form the traditional and social culture of food. In the course of a long history of development, the Manchus have formed a unique traditional festive culture and food culture. This article systematically analyzes the traditional festive culture and food culture of the Manchus living along the Amur River.

Key words: Manchuria, folk culture, ethnos, Amur river, traditions, cooking, art, folk rituals, etiquette.

Bormotova T.M.

Mazaev Y.N.

Communication of elderly people in social networks of the Internet

In this article, based on the materials of an empirical sociological study, an attempt is made to analyze the place and role of social networks in the daily life of older people. The possibilities of social networks for the elderly in the implementation of the needs for social contacts are considered; the analysis of the features of the social activity of elderly users; the assessment of the problems and risks of using social networks.

Key word: internet users, everyday life, the elderly, social networks, social contacts.

Baykhanov I.B.

Transformation of professional competencies of public administration specialists in the context of digital trends

The system of public administration, like other public institutions, is undergoing transformational processes due to objective socio-economic and technological trends, primarily the rapid development, introduction and use of digital technologies. These trends pose new challenges for civil service specialists and require, accordingly, new approaches to the performance of official duties, labor functions, and professional competencies. The paper considers theoretical approaches to the definition of digital competencies required for civil service specialists in the context of digitalization of the public administration system.

Key words: public administration, public service, specialist, competencies, digitalization, digital competencies.

Artemova Y.S.

Experience of employees of social service organizations in solving difficult life situations of clients at a remote workplace (analysis of interview cases with future employers)

The article shows the problem of conducting a professional interview of an employer with candidates for positions of employees of social service organizations. The paper uses the method of content analysis of specialized sites containing information on the research topic. A result of this research: the following characteristics of the applicant are currently the most popular: successful experience of a person in solving difficult life situations of clients in remote mode; the applicant's ability to work remotely in the context of a pandemic, taking into account atypical cases.

Key words: interview with an employer, organization of social services, difficult life situation.

Goryanova O.O.

Artemova Y.S.

Interview with an employer as a factor of successful interaction between employees of social service organizations and municipal employees

The article deals with the problem of qualified interviewing an employer with applicants for positions of employees of social service organizations. Purpose of the interview: selection of personnel capable of effective interaction with municipal employees. We used the method of quantitative and qualitative content analysis of sites containing information about interviews with applicants for positions. Conclusions: it is necessary to diagnose the ability of a person, first, to establish cooperation and maintain partnerships with municipal employees; second, to remotely interact with the local community in a pandemic situation.

Key words: interviews with employers, social service organizations, and municipal employees.

Nemtsev A.V. 

Interaction of government and society

At the moment, there is a low level of citizens' trust in political parties, trade unions, and civil society institutions. There is a lack of confidence in special formations, the main purpose of which is to protect the interests and rights of citizens themselves. In addition, there is a widespread opinion that civil initiatives cannot change the current state of affairs, since they have a small range of action. There is a stereotype in society that all changes occur from top to bottom, and not vice versa. Effective interaction between the authorities and society is possible through the formation of a civil society. The work examines today's civil society in Russia, its problems, prospects, needs. The article also provides an assessment of such a phenomenon as the transparency of state bodies, which should become the basis for productive interaction between the authorities and society. It was revealed that the current stage of interaction between the authorities and society is characterized as the formation of the foundations of civil society. There is an increase in civic engagement, an influx of citizens into active political parties. Further development of effective interaction between the authorities and society, as well as the modernization of Russian society, appear to be possible under a number of conditions that are given in the work. These include the systematic development of democratic institutions, structures characteristic of civil society; raising the level of civic education; an increase in the size of the middle class; formation of a party system with a high level of competition; implementation of the changes dictated by the information and electronic revolutions. 

Key words: state power, civil society, transparency of state bodies, productive dialogue, public institutions.

Ternovaya L.O.

Translation of the idea of the sacred power of the state into interstate relations

Recently, we see that the desire of a number of Western politicians to explain their geopolitical interests by concern for the spread of democracy and human rights is increasingly finding an explanation in the global mission that corresponds to Divine providence. However, in history, the experience of translating the idea of the sacredness of state power into interstate relations was neither widespread nor truly successful. There are only two known examples of the use of the epithet "sacred" to interstate associations: the Holy Roman Empire and the Holy Union. The limitation of such experience is caused not only by the controversial objective and exclusive subjective circumstances of their occurrence, but also by the understanding that sacred meanings have such a depth that corresponds to the idea of the state, but not supranational formats.

Key words: power, sacredness, religion, state, empire, interstate unions.

Authors

Artemova Y.S., Post-graduate student of the Department of Social Work, Belgorod State National Research University.

Baykhanov I.B., Candidate of Political Sciences, Expert.

Bormotova T.M., Doctor of Social Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Higher Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

Chebodaeva M.P., PhD in History of Arts, Research Fellow, Khakass Research Institute of Language, Literature and History, AIS member (Abakan).

Cui Jiawen, Graduate Student, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.

Goryanova O.O., Postgraduate student of the Department of Social Technologies and Public Service, Belgorod State National Research University.

He Zhiyun, Assistant professor. Far Eastern Federal University.

Mazaev Y.N., Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher.

Nemtsev A.V., Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.

Panishchev A.L., Associate Professor, candidate of philosophy. Professor of RAE, Professor of Theology Department.

Petrova S.I., Candidate of Cultural Studies, Associate Professor. Academy of marketing and socially-information technologies, Krasnodar.

Pogasiy A.K., Professor of the Department of Religious Studies at the Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communications of the Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University.

Semenenko D.S., Graduate Student. Ss Cyril and Methodius Institute of Post-Graduate Studies granted state accreditation.

Sun Shanshan, Librarian, Heihe University, Heihe City (China).

Tagirov R.G., Master of Theology, post graduate student of the Department of Religious Studies, Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communications, Kazan Volga Federal University.

Ternovaya L.O., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor (The Moscow Automobile and Road Construction University).

Ulturgasheva N.D., Doctor of Cultural Studies, Professor of Kemerovo state Institute of culture, head of the Department of theory and history of folk art culture of Kemerovo state Institute of culture.