Content
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RELIGION AND SOCIETY
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Pinkevich V.K. The state and religious organizations in Russia: historical and modern
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14
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CULTURAL STUDIES
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Dzhumaeva F.S. Historical genre in painting of the post-Soviet space of the Republic of Tatarstan as a means of studying national identity
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24
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Drok O.V. Creating eco-friendly furniture from natural materials: the concept of environmentally friendly production
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30
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Rylina E.O. Algorithm for selecting light modifiers for creative images
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38
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Smirnova E.A. Paradigms of ancient Greek culture in modern visual art formats
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44
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Tkachenko V.V. Directing high ideas: technologies of preparation and celebration of the 80-th anniversary of victory in the Leningrad Region
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52
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Jiang Siyuan Musical drama in choreography: overview of concepts and approaches
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60
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PHILOSOPHY |
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Kochesokov R.K., Bizheva A.P., Zhueva M.Z. The causes of the failure of the soviet system of ideological work
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69
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Ananchenkova P.I. Age as a subject of philosophical discourse
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78
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Anikiev A.V. The construction of time as parameters of the order of development
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87 |
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Gladysheva E.V. «Practical Philosophy» by S.I. Fudel
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97 |
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Gurov N.S. Environmental threats on a global scale as a result of globalization and technological development
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104 |
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Ananchenkova P.I. Old age and the transformation of communication practices in the digital age
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111 |
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Strygina S.V. Limits of freedom and responsibility within the framework of legal norms in the conditions of modern civilization
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121 |
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SOCIOLOGY
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| Mohammed S.S.M. Interfaith dynamics of religious practices in Iraqi Kurdistan |
130
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| Kravchenko V.I., Martynova D.A. The impact of social media on advertising in the context of emerging artificial intelligence |
137
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| Mohammed S.S.M. Religious practices in the context of religious shrines in modern Iraqi Kurdistan (sociological analysis) |
144
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Abstracts
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161
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Authors
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170
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Abstracts
Pinkevich V.K.
The state and religious organizations in Russia: historical and modern
The subject of the article is a comparative study of pre-revolutionary and modern legislation on the religious issue. The article examines some features of the pre-revolutionary and modern legal models, which, albeit remotely, have similar features. These features included the following: legal inequality of confessions, mixing of national and religious relations, eclectic (contradictory) religious legislation, mixing of legal and moral issues.
Key words: state-confessional relations, freedom of conscience, freedom of religion, Russian Orthodox Church, secular state, national religious policy, religious reforms.
Dzhumaeva F.S.
Historical genre in painting of the post-Soviet space of the Republic of Tatarstan as a means of studying national identity
In the context of the transformation of the socio-cultural landscape of the post-Soviet space, the relevance of issues of national identity has become particularly acute. The Republic of Tatarstan, with its rich history and unique cultural heritage, is no exception. In this regard, the study of the artistic reflection of the past in historical genre painting seems to be a promising tool for analyzing the formation and affirmation of the Tatar national identity in the period after the collapse of the USSR.
This article is devoted to the consideration of trends in historical painting in the Republic of Tatarstan in the post-Soviet period, identifying key thematic areas and artistic strategies used by authors to understand the national past and its influence on modern self-awareness. The article examines the potential of the historical genre in Tatarstan painting as a tool for research and representation of the Tatar national identity. The features of the formation of historical painting in the region, the key themes and images used by artists, as well as the influence of political and social contexts on the interpretation of historical events and their reflection in works of art are analyzed. The importance of an integrated approach to the study of this phenomenon, combining art history analysis with socio-cultural and historical research, is emphasized.
Key words: art, historical genre, historical painting, national culture, national, people, universal, Republic of Tatarstan, artist, work of art.
Drok O.V.
Creating eco-friendly furniture from natural materials: the concept of environmentally friendly production
This article provides a comprehensive study of the concept of creating environmentally friendly furniture made from natural materials, as well as the analysis of ways to introduce the principles of sustainable production in furniture production. The purpose of the research is to develop an integrated approach to the design and manufacture of furniture that minimizes the negative impact on the environment during all periods of the product's life cycle: from extraction of raw materials to recycling. To achieve this goal, the author used a number of research methods: a systematic analysis of the available literature on environmental design and sustainable production; a comparative analysis of different types of natural materials used in the furniture industry in terms of their environmental friendliness; providing successful examples of environmentally responsible furniture companies; developing one of the life cycle models of eco-friendly furniture. The results obtained during the study show that the creation of truly eco-friendly furniture requires not only the use of natural, renewable materials, but also the introduction of innovative, resource-saving technologies in production, rationalization of logistics chains, and the development of reuse and recycling systems. The study proves that the main elements of environmentally sound production are: waste reduction, reduction of energy consumption, elimination of harmful chemicals, and the use of certified raw materials. In the course of the work, the economic feasibility of switching to environmentally friendly production was proved, which is associated with an increase in consumer demand for environmentally friendly products, the possibility of obtaining competitive advantages over non-environmentally friendly industries and strengthening the company's reputation. The author recommends using the findings and recommendations presented in the study as a guide for furniture companies aimed at sustainable development and reducing their environmental footprint. The research results can be used to create new design solutions, select materials, optimize production processes, and develop a marketing strategy aimed at promoting environmental responsibility. This article has practical significance for the development of a "green" economy and an eco-friendly furniture industry.
Key words: eco-friendly furniture, natural materials, sustainable production, product lifecycle, environmental design, green technologies, renewable resources, waste-free production, recycling.
Rylina E.O.
Algorithm for selecting light modifiers for creative images
The article presents a methodology for creating an algorithm for selecting light modifiers in professional photography based on interdisciplinary analysis that combines technical equipment characteristics, artistic tasks, and culturological aspects of visual creativity. The research aims to develop a scientifically grounded decision-making system for selecting optimal light modifiers when creating creative photographic images, considering genre specificity and contemporary trends in visual culture. The methodology includes semiotic analysis of lighting solutions as elements of visual communication sign systems, culturological analysis of the evolution of lighting techniques in photography, systematization of technical characteristics of modern light modifiers, and analysis of professional practice of leading photographers from 2018-2025. The research resulted in a comprehensive classification of light modifiers by technical and artistic characteristics, identification of stable patterns of correspondence between photography genres and preferred lighting solutions, development of methodology for algorithmizing creative decisions based on computational creativity theory, and determination of criteria for evaluating creativity and artistic expressiveness of lighting solutions. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of creating expert systems for supporting creative decisions in photography, developing educational programs for professional photographers, and forming methodological recommendations for lighting design in various photography genres.
Key words: light modifiers, creativity algorithmization, visual culture, photography, light semiotics, computational creativity, culturology, artistic expressiveness, lighting design, creative decisions.
Smirnova E.A.
Paradigms of ancient Greek culture in modern visual art formats
Starting from primitive culture, visual preferences are formed in society, which, over time, are reflected in new cultural formats, as the author of the study writes. With the rise of megacities and information technology, there are changes in people's worldview and perception of the surrounding reality, which is the subject of this study. The development of visual culture and art, starting from ancient Greece, has over time shaped the aesthetic space of cities and places where vital resources are concentrated. The constantly changing environment has been able to preserve its symbolic and iconic totality over the centuries, thanks to the historical heritage and monuments of visual art.
The aim of the work is to identify the prerequisites for the development of the dominant formats of ancient culture in new configurations of visual art. The scientific novelty of the work is to identify the diversity and unique features of ancient culture.In this paper, the author presents the results of the integration of European traditions into national culture, using the example of the formation of urban space, modern art objects, monuments of visual art and their reproduction in a digital environment; an analysis of the prerequisites for the formation of aesthetic preferences of the culture of Slavic peoples is made.
The Slavs' attention to the values of ancient culture has been preserved thanks to folklore and national heritage that has come down from the depths of centuries. Modern art objects and monuments of visual art arouse the interest of specialists in cultural studies, aesthetics and art history and allow us to identify the dynamics of aesthetic preferences that influence the development of new cultural formats.
Key words: culture of Ancient Greece, ethnoculture, aesthetic space, national folklore.
Tkachenko V.V.
Directing high ideas: technologies of preparation and celebration of the 80-th anniversary of victory in the Leningrad Region
The present study is devoted to the study of the high social significance of celebrations dedicated to the celebration of the 80th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War, a significant cultural phenomenon. The purpose of the work is to analyze and summarize the practice of holding festive events in the Leningrad region, to consider a complex of interrelated festive events as a "system of cultural and historical memory of society." The research methodology provides for the use of systematic and axiological approaches as a methodological basis for the theoretical analysis. The conducted research allows the author to assert that the combination of socio-cultural, administrative, managerial and marketing technologies used during the solemn celebration of the Victory anniversary in the Leningrad region can ensure the effectiveness of the spiritual and moral impact of the holiday, the effectiveness of the implementation of cultural policy regarding the formation of a wide mass audience "the ability to identify themselves in national, cultural and social terms.", share the key values of national culture, to be aware of the cultural code of the Russian civilization."
Key words: Victory anniversary, public events, values, patriotism, socio-cultural technologies, cultural policy.
Jiang Siyuan
Musical drama in choreography: overview of concepts and approaches
The article examines the theoretical discourse on musical drama in choreography. The object of the research is a set of critical articles and theoretical works devoted to understanding the relationship between music and dance. The subject of the research is the key concepts and approaches to understanding the role of musical drama in shaping choreographic action presented in these works. The purpose of the research is to identify and systematize concepts and approaches, as well as analyze the evolution of views on the interaction of music and dance in choreographic art. The article analyzes various interpretations of the role of musical drama: from accompaniment to the structure-forming element that determines the logic of choreographic action development. It examines how musical form, rhythm and melody influence the creation of an artistic image in dance. The research materials used are publications devoted to the issues of musical drama in choreography. The main method was a comparative analysis of concepts, which allows us to identify common trends, contradictions and prospects in understanding the stated issues. The result of the research is the systematization of existing approaches to understanding musical drama in choreography and the identification of issues requiring further study. The need for a deeper analysis of the interaction of musical and choreographic structures is emphasized in order to create innovative and emotionally intense artistic works. The relationship between musical and choreographic structures requires deep analysis and experimentation, paving the way for the creation of multilevel and emotionally intense artistic works.
Key words: musical drama, choreography, ballet production, dance components, musical harmony, musical logic, musical image, dance image, dance production, musical accompaniment.
Kochesokov R.K.
Bizheva A.P.
Zhueva M.Z.
The causes of the failure of the soviet system of ideological work
The article examines the causes of the failure of the Soviet system of ideological work. It is emphasized that in the context of the intensification of the ideological struggle in the world, understanding the reasons for the failure of the Soviet system of ideological work acquires not only important theoretical but also practical significance. It is argued that the main, fundamental mistake was the incorrect understanding of the nature of ideology itself. The most important reasons for the failure of the Soviet system of ideological work include: the confusion of science, ideology and propaganda; the unjustified expansion of the ideological sphere; underestimation of the phenomenon of cultural hegemony; incorrect distinction between public ideology and the ideology of individual social groups.
Key words: ideological struggle, ideological work, propaganda and agitation, political ideology, state, society.
Ananchenkova P.I.
Age as a subject of philosophical discourse
The article considers age as a philosophical category located at the intersection of ontology, social philosophy, philosophical anthropology and ethics. The key stages of understanding age in the history of philosophical thought are analyzed — from the ancient concept of a harmonious life cycle to existential and biopolitical interpretations of the XX–XXI centuries. Special attention is paid to phenomenological, critical, and postmodern approaches in which age appears as a construct shaped by social practices, cultural narratives, and mechanisms of power. It is shown that in the context of demographic aging and cultural transformation, age loses its strict normality and becomes the arena of ethical choices, political decisions and individual self-construction. The author insists on the need for philosophical reflection on age as a condition for building a more just, inclusive and solidary society.
Key words: age, aging, philosophical anthropology, existentialism, biopolitics, ageism, identity, philosophy of old age.
Anikiev A.V.
The construction of time as parameters of the order of development
There are three concepts of time. These are the duration of existence of objects, cyclicity or successive change of states, one of the coordinates of a single time-space in the theory of relativity. There are many cyclic processes in nature and the world. Change of seasons, time of day, biological cycles of living organisms, social cycles, self-organization processes, etc. A cyclic process is a repeating process in which the system successively undergoes a change of a certain number of basic states that have their own characteristics. The annual cycle is spring, summer, autumn, winter. The diurnal cycle is morning, afternoon, evening, night. The mitotic cycle of cell division consists of 4 stages: presynthetic, synthetic and postsynthetic periods of interphase, mitosis. This paper proposes a universal model of system development, which is distinguished by the fact that the development process is considered as successive, cyclical, consisting of a certain number of stages. Regardless of the energy capacity of the system, which is provided by the design of functional elements, changes are subject to one cycle, successively divided into stages. The possibility of proposing such a model for organizations of different scales and different natures is explained by fractality in nature and the world. The article proposes to consider time as a sequential cyclic process of materialization of the logical construction "content-form-thing in itself - thing for itself" and "quality-quantity-measure". Thus, this sequence can be traced in the cell division cycle, the human thought process, daily and annual cycles, the description of the biblical creation of the world, ancient Chinese hexagrams, and the Vedas.
Key words: time, construction of time, cycle of time, time in hexagrams, logic, dialectics.
Gladysheva E.V.
"Practical Philosophy" by S.I. Fudel
The work is devoted to the study of the philosophical ideas of the Orthodox writer of the 20th century Sergei Iosifovich Fudel in the context of Russian religious philosophy of the 19th–20th centuries. The novelty of the work is the correlation of the thinker's views with his fate, on the basis of which a conclusion is made about the practical orientation of his philosophizing. The work used existential, hermeneutic, comparative-historical methods and the method of conceptual analysis. The author concludes that S.I. Fudel continued the Slavophile tradition in Russian philosophy and about the practical significance of the spiritual tradition transmitted by this thinker to the younger generation.
Key words: Russian religious philosophy of the 19th–20th centuries, Slavophilism, «enlightened religiosity», spiritual experience, "integral knowledge", conciliarity.
Gurov N.S.
Environmental threats on a global scale as a result of globalization and technological development
The article examines environmental threats of planetary scale resulting from globalization processes and rapid technological development. The impact of the expansion of global supply chains and consumption on ecosystem degradation is analyzed, including depletion of natural resources, environmental pollution, and biodiversity loss. Special attention is paid to the intensification of climate instability caused by technological processes that intensify greenhouse gas emissions and its consequences for sustainable development. The risks of spreading environmentally hazardous technologies and waste in the context of global digitalization and automation are examined, and solutions to the identified problems are proposed. The necessity of revising approaches to economic growth and transitioning to a circular economy model based on the principles of resource conservation, waste recycling, and the use of environmentally friendly technologies is emphasized.
Key words: globalization, technological development, environmental threats, ecosystem degradation, climate instability, greenhouse gases, digitalization, automation, waste, sustainable development.
Ananchenkova P.I.
Old age and the transformation of communication practices in the digital age
The article examines the phenomenon of old age in the digital age as a socio-cultural and philosophical problem. The mechanisms of symbolic exclusion of older people from the digital space are analyzed, including representative deficits, age normativism, and media patterns. Special attention is paid to A. Honnet's theory of recognition, concepts of social visibility and cultural practices of representation. The author demonstrates that the digital environment, which has an ambivalent character, can act as a platform for a new type of inclusion and self-identification of elderly subjects, as well as an arena for their symbolic elimination. The necessity of philosophical reflection aimed at the formation of ethically sound strategies of communication, cultural participation and digital justice is argued. It is emphasized that old age should not be thought of as a marginal condition, but as a full-fledged form of human existence that requires recognition and representation in digital culture.
Key words: old age, digitalization, symbolic recognition, ageism, philosophy of age, digital inequality, communication, representation.
Strygina S.V.
Limits of freedom and responsibility within the framework of legal norms in the conditions of modern civilization
The article analyzes the dialectical relationship and interaction of freedom and responsibility as a factor of choice in the information society. Attention is drawn to their particularly close connection with morality in the implementation of artificial intelligence. In the modern era of high technology, the concepts of freedom, morality and responsibility are more closely linked than ever before, since their incorrect balance can lead to the destruction of humanity. The special role of law in modern conditions of development is emphasized in establishing the boundaries of freedom, the framework of what is permitted and what is not permitted. It is summarized that the problem of freedom, morality and responsibility within the framework of society acquire new cognitive horizons. Many social values, goals, and acceptable means of realizing social needs are changing, new rules of legal and moral interaction are being established, therefore, the restriction towards the rejection of certain opportunities in order to achieve common goals is of particular importance.
Key words: freedom, necessity, morality, law, artificial intelligence, boundaries of what is permitted, intention, risk society.
Mohammed S.S.M.
Interfaith dynamics of religious practices in Iraqi Kurdistan
The article examines the religious landscape of Iraqi Kurdistan, demonstrating the central role of faith in shaping socio-cultural processes, structures and daily individual life, where religion functions as the main element of public identity. Through the daily prayers of Sunni Muslims, through the ritual maintenance of Yezidi sacred sites, and through the preservation of Christian church traditions, social cohesion and cultural continuity are strengthened, allowing faiths to overcome historical and modern challenges. However, religion also generates tension, manifested in intergroup dynamics, gender role negotiations, and discrepancies between traditional authorities and modern governance structures.
Key words: interfaith dynamics, religious practices, rituals, ceremonies, Iraqi Kurdistan.
Kravchenko V.I.
Martynova D.A.
The impact of social media on advertising in the context of emerging artificial intelligence
The article examines the evolution of advertising technologies from traditional formats to digital platforms. It analyzes the key social networks that are most effective for promotion in 2025. A specific example of the advertising campaign of the brand "Befree" demonstrates the advantages and disadvantages of promotion in social media compared to traditional channels. The article also examines the prospects for the development of advertising in the context of the introduction of artificial intelligence, AR/VR technologies and metauniverses.
Key words: social media, digital advertising, traditional advertising, online advertising, offline advertising.
Mohammed S.S.M.
Religious practices in the context of religious shrines in modern Iraqi Kurdistan (sociological analysis)
The article presents the results of an analysis of survey data, according to which shrines are integral but contested elements of the spiritual structure of Iraqi Kurdistan. They are widely recognized and spiritually significant, serving as centers of identity and practice, but they face skepticism from a significant minority and uncertainty about their protection and public role. The results of the sociological analysis indicate a dynamic interaction between tradition and the transformation of religious practices, with shrines functioning as unifying symbols and points of disagreement in a pluralistic, adaptable society.
Key words: religious practices, socio-cultural practices, religious shrines, modern Iraqi Kurdistan, Islam, religious minorities.
Authors
Ananchenkova P.I., Candidate of Economics, Candidate of Social Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Economics and Sociology of Healthcare at the N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health.
Anikiev A.V., Self-employed.
Bizheva A.P., Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Philosophy Department, Kabardino-Balkarian State University.
Drok O.V., Designer. Individual entrepreneur. The Crown-Home Company, MBA Business Coach.
Dzhumaeva F.S., Postgraduate student, art history and cultural studies at the Institute of Language, Literature and Art named after G. Ibragimov of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan. Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan.
Gladysheva E.V., PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor of the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, MIREA – Russian Technological University. ORCID: 0000-0002-3411-6437
Gurov N.S., Postgraduate Student, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education.“Moscow State Technological University ‘STANKIN’”.
Jiang Siyuan, Graduate Student. A.I. Herzen Russian State Pedagogical University. ORCID: 0009-0000-4890-9086
Kochesokov R.K., Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Head of the Philosophy Department, Kabardino-Balkarian State University.
Kravchenko V.I., Doctor of Philosophy, Professor of the Department of Advertising and Public Relations. Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Scientific Director.
Martynova D.A., Master of the Department of Advertising and Public Relations. Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation.
Mohammed S.S.M., National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod.
Pinkevich V.K., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of state-confessional relations of the Russian presidential Academy of Sciences.
Rylina E.O., ART & Design Institut Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. ORCID: 0009-0002-4093-3668
Smirnova E.A., Senior teacher. Russian Technological University "Moscow Institute of Radio Engineering, Electronics and Automation". Postgraduate Student of the Russian New University.
Strygina S.V., Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Docent, Associate Professor of the Faculty of Law at the Department of Saratov State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky, Saratov. SPIN-code: 7410-4516
Tkachenko V.V., Director-producer, Triumph LLC, Saint Petersburg.
Zhueva M.Z., Lecturer, Philosophy Department, Kabardino-Balkarian State University.
